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中美在經貿領域顯然存在利益交集，但需要以誠意來尋找。習近平主席多次強調，“太平洋足夠大，容得下中美兩國的共同發展”。

There are evidently common interests between China and the U.S. in areas of economics and trade, but the common interests can only be found with good faith. President Xi Jinping has emphasized that “the Pacific Ocean is broad enough to accommodate the development of both China and the United States.”

舉起大棒，是錯誤地對待別人的問題，放下大棒，才能正確地面對自己的問題。中美兩國之間很多問題具有復雜性，通過溝通、談判解決彼此的貿易關注是一項長期的任務。

By raising up the stick, one is wrongfully treating the concerns of others. By putting down the stick, one is rightly facing its own problems. There are quite many issues that are complicated between China and the U.S. It will be a long-term task to address concerns of each side through consultations and negotiations.

短期內，我也相信中美有足夠的智慧找到辦法解決雙邊經貿關系中的緊迫問題，拭目以待。

For the time being, I also believe that the two sides have enough wisdom to find solutions to the pressing issues in the bilateral economic and trade ties. Let us keep our fingers crossed.

4、彭博社：你認為世貿組織面臨著一場生存危機嗎？多邊主義處于危險之中？

Do you believe the WTO is facing an existential crisis? Is mutilateralism at peril?

張向晨大使：從《關貿總協定》到世貿組織，多邊貿易體制一直是推動自由貿易和促進經濟發展的最佳平臺。它也為二戰以來美國的長期繁榮作出了重要貢獻。

From GATT to WTO, the multilateral trading system has been proven to be the most valuable and important platform in promoting free trade and achieving economic development, and it has also contributed remarkably to the prosperity of the U.S. since the 1940s.

目前，世貿組織正遭受“三重打擊”，美國阻撓新上訴機構成員遴選，援引國內法的“232條款”采取貿易限制措施，在“301條款”下威脅對來自中國的500億美元進口產品加征關稅。

Currently, the WTO is confronted with “three hard blows." The U.S. is blocking selection of new appellate body members, taking restrictive trade measures under Section 232 and threatening to impose tariffs on $50 billion of goods imported from China under Section 301 of U.S. domestic law.

其中任何一項行動，若不及時解決，都將嚴重影響世貿組織的正常運行，甚至使之陷入癱瘓。同時，世貿組織還面臨著三大挑戰：維護核心價值、履行基本職能和探索制訂新規。

Any one of these, if left untreated, will fatally undermine the functioning of the WTO. In the meantime, the WTO is also facing “three main challenges” -- safeguarding its core values, fulfilling its basic functions and exploring new trade rules.

空氣和水是人生存之本，但人們卻僅在稀缺的時候方知其珍貴。危機使很多世貿成員產生了危機感，也更清楚地認識到多邊貿易體制的重要性。這對于幫助世貿組織走出困境是有意義的。

Air and water are critical for survival, but we seldom notice them unless they become scarce. The current situation faced by the WTO has given many members a sense of crisis, making them increasingly realize the importance of the multilateral trading system. This sense of crisis is essential to getting the WTO out of the difficulties.

但是，危機轉化為機遇是需要條件的，這些條件尚不完全具備：

However, in order to transform crisis into opportunity, there must be certain conditions in place. For now, these conditions are not yet met.

首先，各方要聯手抵制保護主義，這一點正得到越來越多成員的響應；

First, all members should lock arm against protectionism. It is heartening to see that more and more members have joined this army of solidarity.

其次，要通過協商，恢復世貿組織功能的正常運轉；

Second, it is imperative to resume WTO full functions through consultations.

第三，要與時俱進，探索新領域的新規則，反映工商界的普遍訴求。

Third, it is necessary to stay relevant by exploring new rules in new areas, responding to the aspirations of the business community.

后兩點，特別是第三點，還有相當長的路要走。

In terms of the latter two points, particularly the third one mentioned above, there is still a long way go.

5、彭博社：本月早些時候在北京結束的中美高層貿易談判表明雙方差距巨大。據說美國已要求中國在2020年前將貿易順差至少減少2000億美元，并且不得對美國擬議的關稅措施進行報復。這些要求是否符合WTO規則？中國接受這些要求的可能性有多大？

The high-level trade talks between China and the U.S. that ended earlier this month in Beijing showed how far apart the two sides are. The U.S. is said to have asked China to cut its trade surplus by at least $200 billion by the end of 2020 and to refrain from retaliation against its proposed U.S. tariffs. Are these demands in line with WTO rules? How likely is it for China to accept the requests?

張向晨大使：我相信不少朋友在關注中美高層貿易談判。在多邊貿易體制上，曾有過極個別“進口承諾”的事例。這種做法違反世貿組織“非歧視原則”，早已成為歷史陳跡。而所謂的“自愿出口限制”，毫無例外地都不是“自愿”的，也為多邊紀律所不容。

I know that many readers are closely following the Sino-U.S. high-level trade negotiations. In the history of the multilateral trading system, there have been few instances of "import commitments." Such practice has clearly violated the "non-discrimination principle" of the GATT, and therefore has long been abandoned. So-called "voluntary export restrictions" have never been "voluntary" no matter how you look at it, which has also been prohibited by multilateral disciplines.

美國一方面指責中國政府干預經濟，一方面又要求中國以政府命令方式增加進口、限制出口、減少過剩產能，這在邏輯上是說不通的。

It doesn’t make any sense that the U.S. is blaming the Chinese Government for state intervention on the one hand, while pressing China, by way of issuing government orders, to increase imports, restrict exports, and reduce excess capacity on the other hand.

貿易是你情我愿的交易，政府可以做一些貿易促進工作，但不能用槍頂著企業去做。

Trade is essentially a business deal by freedom of contract. You can lead a horse to the water, but you can’t make it drink. Likewise, governments can make efforts to promote trade, but cannot force companies to do business by pointing a gun at their heads.

6、彭博社：除了報復性關稅之外，中國還有什么工具可以抵消美國對中國1500億美元產品加征關稅威脅？

Aside from retaliatory tariffs, what tools does China have for counteraction should the U.S. follow through on its threats of tariffs on $150 billion of Chinese products?

張向晨大使：作為一個大國，中國的政策工具箱里當然會有“十八般兵器”，但絕不會輕易使用。用不用、用哪件、何時用，需要根據形勢發展而定，但目的只有一個，恢復正常的貿易秩序，“止戈為武”。

As a major country, China certainly has a full set of tools in its policy toolbox, just like the “eighteen main weapons of Chinese martial arts.” But we would not use them easily. As for whether and when to use the tools, or which one is picked, we will make our own decision in light of the situation. The ultimate and only purpose of using the tools is to restore the normal order of trade. As an old Chinese saying goes, force is to be used only for the maintenance of peace and order.